| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2018 | Volume
: 28
| Issue : 3 | Page : 160-165 |
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The association of epicardial adipose tissue and the metabolic syndrome in community participants in South Africa
Rosaley D Prakaschandra1, Datshana P Naidoo2
1 Department of Biomedicl and Clinical Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
2 Department of Cardiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Correspondence Address:
Datshana P Naidoo
Department of Cardiology, 400 Bellair Road, Cator Manor, Durban
South Africa
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_71_17
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Background: We sought to determine the association of echocardiographically derived epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness, which is a component of visceral adipose tissue, with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a cohort of randomly selected community participants. Methods: South African-Asian Indians aged 15–64 years were recruited over a 2-year period after informed consent was obtained. All participants who had complete measurements done for biochemistry and echocardiography (using established criteria), were dichotomized into the MetS or non-MetS groups defined according to the harmonized criteria. Results: Of the 953 (232 men and 721 women) participants recruited, 47.1% (448) were classified with the MetS. These participants had larger waist circumference and body mass index (P < 0.001), with larger LA volumes and diameter, thicker ventricular walls, higher left ventricular mass, relative wall thickness, and EAT (P < 0.001). There was a corresponding increase in EAT thickness with increasing number of MetS risk factors at the transition from 0 MetS factors to 1 (95% confidence interval [CI] −0.8; −0.2) and from 2 to 3 MetS factors (95% CI −0.9; −0.4). The AUC of the receiver operator curve was highest for triglycerides (0.845), followed by fasting plasma glucose (0.795) and then EAT (0.789). An EAT value of <3.6 mm predicted the presence of the MetS with a 78% sensitivity and 70% specificity. Using backward stepwise logistic regression, the most significant independent determinants of the MetS after adjusting for age, gender, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, was fasting plasma glucose (odds ratio [OR] = 1.2), triglycerides (OR = 7.1), and EAT (OR = 2.3). Conclusion: Although EAT is associated with the MetS, and can identify individuals at increased cardiometabolic risk, it has a limited additional role compared to current risk markers.
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